Abstract :
Diabetes is a very common disease associated with many oral manifestations that can affect
dental treatment. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a globally pandemic disease. Contributing factors include genetics, obesity, physical inactivity and advancing age. The purpose of this article is to summarize the types, etiology, diagnosis, oral manifestation and treatment of diabetes, as well as role of diabetes in the success of complete and partial denture treatment.
Introduction:
Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the blood glucose level is elevated then the normal blood glucose level(BGL ) that is between 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) and 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L).
Fasting blood glucose -This measures your blood sugar after an overnight fast (not eating).
A fasting blood sugar level of 99 mg/dL or lower is normal, 100 to 125 mg/dL indicates you have prediabetes, and 126 mg/dL or higher indicates you have diabetes.
Types and causes:
Type 1 diabetes - Type 1 diabetes is believed to be an autoimmune condition. This means your immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the beta cells in your pancreas that produce insulin. The damage is permanent. What prompts the attacks is not clear. There may be both genetic and environmental reasons. Lifestyle factors are not believed to play a role.
Type 2 diabetes - Type 2 diabetes starts out as insulin resistance. This means your body cannot use insulin efficiently, which causes your pancreas to produce more insulin until it cannot keep up with demand. Insulin production then decreases, which causes high blood sugar. The exact cause of type 2 diabetes is unknown.
Contributing factors may include:
Genetics or Hereditary
A more lazy life.
Higher weight or obesity
There is other factors too.
Gestational diabetes -
Gestational diabetes is caused by insulin-blocking hormones that are produced during
pregnancy.
This type of diabetes only happens during pregnancy. It is often seen in people with preexisting prediabetes and a family history of diabetes up to 20% of cases are more prone to see is type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms:
Excessive thirst and hunger
Frequent urination
Drowsiness or fatigue
Dry, itchy skin
Blurry vision
Slow-healing wounds
Back pain
Bacterial infections like candidiasis.
Major concerns for a Prosthodontics is
Candidal infection
Xerostomia - decreased secretion of Saliva
Denture stomatitis
Residual ridge resorption
Dental caries
Poor wound or injury healing
Angular chelitis
Management:
Candidal stomatitis treatment candida-associated denture stomatitis, even if asymptomatic,
should be treated with recommended anti-fungal drugs for treatment of oral candidiasis: topical
administration (Nystatin, Amphotericin, Miconazole, Clotrimazole), systemic administration
(Ketoconazole, Fluconazole, Itraconazole ) .
Frequent relining and rebasing are the procedures used to resurface or replace the entire tissue
side of a denture with new base material, thus producing an accurate adaptation to the denture
foundation area.
Prosthodontic management -
Right after when patient enters the clinic he will assure and give the patient positive attitude and
then proper history and examination in his/her first visit .All details regarding different types of
prosthesis, duration of treatment, number of appointments required must be explained to the
patient in his native language (Roumanas et al.,2002).
Conclusion:
The ultimate goal of prosthodontic therapy for diabetic patients requires thorough understanding
of the disease and acquaintance with its clinical manifestations.Good oral & denture hygiene
maintenance and proper dental checkup is a prerequisite for ensuring the long-term successful
prosthodontics treatment.
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17.ISSN: 2664-9055, Print ISSN: 2664-9047 Received: 08-06-2021 Volume 3, Issue 1, 2021,
Page No. 50-52
18.Medically reviewed by Marina Basina, M.D. — Written by Ann Pietrangelo — Updated on
May 9, 2022
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